{"id":190,"title":"shell\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48","good":0,"bad":0,"hit":2189,"created_at":"2016-02-26 11:28:03","content":"<p>\u5728linux\u4e2dshell\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u6572\u51fb\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6216\u8005\u89e3\u91ca\u6210linux\u5185\u6838\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3cwindows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u6279\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6(??.bat),\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5199\u5728shell\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b<\/p><p>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u6e05\u9664\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u624b\u52a8\u53bb\u6e05\u7406\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u4e00\u4e2ashell\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\u6e05\u9664<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>linux\u4e2dshell\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u5957linux\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7528\u6237\u559c\u6b22\u7528sh\u8fd9\u79cd\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u7528\u6237\u559c\u6b22\u7528ksh,\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u540c<\/p><p><img src=\"https:\/\/api.hu-rong.com\/uploads\/editor\/php\/upload\/20160226\/14564577642706.png\" title=\"1.png\"\/><\/p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u70b9\u65e7\u4e86\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u7684centos6.4,\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd<br\/><\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff1a<\/p><p>[hurong@localhost ~]$ ls -l \/bin\/*sh<br\/>-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 874376 Feb 21&nbsp; 2013 \/bin\/bash<br\/>lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 Feb 25 13:00 \/bin\/csh -&gt; tcsh<br\/>-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 102216 Oct 17&nbsp; 2012 \/bin\/dash<br\/>lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 Feb 25 12:51 \/bin\/sh -&gt; bash<br\/>-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 377544 Feb 21&nbsp; 2013 \/bin\/tcsh<br\/>[hurong@localhost ~]$ <br\/><br\/>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u867d\u7136\u67095\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ewindows\u4e0b\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u6587\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411tcsh\u548cbash<br\/>lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 Feb 25 13:00 \/bin\/csh -&gt; tcsh<br\/>lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 Feb 25 12:51 \/bin\/sh -&gt; bash<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u7684\u54ea\u79cdshell?<br\/><\/p><p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684shell\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528env\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u79cdshell,\u4ee5\u4e0b\u663e\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u7528\u7684\u662fbash\u8fd9\u79cd<\/p><p>[hurong@localhost ~]$ env<br\/>ORBIT_SOCKETDIR=\/tmp\/orbit-hurong<br\/>HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain<br\/>TERM=xterm<br\/>SHELL=\/bin\/bash<br\/>.....<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>\u5982\u4f55\u5207\u6362shell\u79cd\u7c7b\uff1f<\/p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<br\/><\/p><p>chsh(change&nbsp;shell)<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>\u529f\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u66f4\u6362\u767b\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell\u3002<br\/><br\/>\u8bed\u3000\u3000\u6cd5\uff1achsh&nbsp;[-luv][-s&nbsp;&lt;shell&nbsp;\u540d\u79f0&gt;][\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0]<br\/><br\/>\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6bcf\u4f4d\u7528\u6237\u5728\u767b\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u9884\u8bbe\u7684shell\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u66f4\u6539\u5176\u9884\u8bbe\u503c\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a<br\/>\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5219chsh\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<br\/><br\/>\u53c2\u3000\u3000\u6570\uff1a<br\/>\u3000-s&lt;shell&nbsp;\u540d\u79f0&gt;\u6216--shell&lt;shell&nbsp;\u540d\u79f0&gt;&nbsp;\u3000\u66f4\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u9884\u8bbe\u7684shell\u73af\u5883\u3002&nbsp;<br\/>\u3000-l\u6216--list-shells&nbsp;\u3000\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u7684shell\u6e05\u5355\u3002&nbsp;<br\/>\u3000-u\u6216--help&nbsp;\u3000\u5728\u7ebf\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002&nbsp;<br\/>\u3000-v\u6216-version&nbsp;\u3000\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ea\u80fd\u7528root\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2aroot\u6743\u9650\u624d\u6709\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<br\/><\/p><p>\u5982\u5c06\u5f53\u7528\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684bash\u6539\u4e3adash,\u4e0b\u9762\u63d0\u793ashell changed\u8868\u793a\u4fee\u6539\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u9000\u51fa\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55\u4e00\u4e0b\u540e\u624d\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684bash\u6539\u4e3adash<br\/><\/p><p>[root@localhost hurong]# ls -l \/bin\/*sh<br\/>-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 874376 Feb 21&nbsp; 2013 \/bin\/bash<br\/>lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 Feb 25 13:00 \/bin\/csh -&gt; tcsh<br\/>-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 102216 Oct 17&nbsp; 2012 \/bin\/dash<br\/>lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 Feb 25 12:51 \/bin\/sh -&gt; bash<br\/>-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 377544 Feb 21&nbsp; 2013 \/bin\/tcsh<br\/>[root@localhost hurong]# chsh -s \/bin\/dash<br\/>Changing shell for root.<br\/>Shell changed.<br\/><\/p><p>\u7136\u540e\u9000\u51faroot\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55\uff0c<br\/><\/p><p>[root@localhost hurong]# exit<br\/>exit<br\/>[hurong@localhost ~]$ su root<br\/>Password: <br\/><\/p><p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u7684shell\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u53d8\u6210#,\u800c\u975ebash\u4e0b\u7684[root@localhost hurong]#\u8fd9\u79cd\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u7528env\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883<\/p><p># env<br\/>\u5728\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fdash<br\/><\/p><p>SHELL=\/bin\/dash<br\/><\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u89c9\u4fee\u6539shell\u7c7b\u578b\u597d\u50cf\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell\u76ee\u5f55\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u751f\u6548\u4e86\uff1b<br\/><\/p>"}