{"id":199,"title":"linux\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7","good":0,"bad":0,"hit":2101,"created_at":"2016-02-27 18:45:45","content":"<p>netstat<\/p><p>\u529f\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u3002<br\/><br\/>\u8bed\u3000\u3000\u6cd5\uff1anetstat&nbsp;[-acCeFghilMnNoprstuvVwx][-A&lt;\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b&gt;][--ip]<br\/><br\/>\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5229\u7528netstat\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u8ba9\u4f60\u5f97\u77e5\u6574\u4e2aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<br\/><br\/>\u53c2\u3000\u3000\u6570\uff1a<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-a\u6216--all&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7684Socket\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-A&lt;\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b&gt;\u6216--&lt;\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\u8fde\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5730\u5740\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-c\u6216--continuous&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6301\u7eed\u5217\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-C\u6216--cache&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5feb\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-e\u6216--extend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-F\u6216--fib&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793aFIB\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-g\u6216--groups&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u591a\u91cd\u5e7f\u64ad\u529f\u80fd\u7fa4\u7ec4\u7ec4\u5458\u540d\u5355\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-h\u6216--help&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5728\u7ebf\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-i\u6216--interfaces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\u5355\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-l\u6216--listening&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Socket\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-M\u6216--masquerade&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4f2a\u88c5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u7ebf\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-n\u6216--numeric&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-N\u6216--netlink\u6216--symbolic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u786c\u4ef6\u5916\u56f4\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u540d\u79f0\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-o\u6216--timers&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-p\u6216--programs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Socket\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bc6\u522b\u7801\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u79f0\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-r\u6216--route&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793aRouting&nbsp;Table\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-s\u6216--statistice&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u4f5c\u4fe1\u606f\u7edf\u8ba1\u8868\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-t\u6216--tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793aTCP\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-u\u6216--udp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793aUDP\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-v\u6216--verbose&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-V\u6216--version&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-w\u6216--raw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u663e\u793aRAW\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-x\u6216--unix&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6548\u679c\u548c\u6307\u5b9a&quot;-A&nbsp;unix&quot;\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;--ip\u6216--inet&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6548\u679c\u548c\u6307\u5b9a&quot;-A&nbsp;inet&quot;\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p><strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528netstat\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053<\/strong><\/p><p>[root@localhost hurong]# netstat | more<br\/>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e2a-an\u770b\u5f97\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\uff1a<br\/>[root@localhost hurong]# netstat -an | more<br\/>Active Internet connections (servers and established)<br\/>Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Foreign Address&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; State&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br\/>tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 0.0.0.0:22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.0.0.0:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LISTEN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br\/>tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 127.0.0.1:25&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.0.0.0:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LISTEN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br\/>tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 :::22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :::*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LISTEN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br\/>tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 ::1:25&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :::*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LISTEN<\/p><p>\u7528-anp\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7aef\u53e3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bid\u548c\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<\/p><p><img src=\"https:\/\/api.hu-rong.com\/uploads\/editor\/php\/upload\/20160227\/14565775839414.png\" title=\"QQ\u56fe\u724720160227205238.png\"\/><br\/><\/p><p>\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884ckill\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p><p>\u5176\u4e2dloacal address\u8868\u793a\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684ip\u53ca\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cforeign address\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684ip\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6709\u9ed1\u5ba2\u641e\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528kill\u5c06\u5176\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\uff1b<br\/><\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528ping\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u548cwindows\u4e0bping\u4e00\u6837<\/p><p>\u5982\uff1aping <a _src=\"http:\/\/www.hu-rong.com\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hu-rong.com\">www.hu-rong.com<\/a><br\/><\/p><p>\u6216\u8005\uff1aping \u4e00\u4e2aip\u5730\u5740<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p>ping\u4e00\u4e0b\u767e\u5ea6\u7684\u57df\u540d\u548cIP\u8bd5\u8bd5\uff0c\u5148\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f60\u80fd\u4e0a\u7f51\u54e6<br\/><\/p><p>[root@localhost hurong]# ping www.baidu.com<br\/>PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.125) 56(84) bytes of data.<br\/><br\/>[root@localhost hurong]# ping 61.135.169.125<br\/>PING 61.135.169.125 (61.135.169.125) 56(84) bytes of data.<br\/><\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p><strong>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528traceroute\u8fdb\u884c\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p><p>[root@localhost hurong]# traceroute www.hu-rong.com<br\/>traceroute to www.hu-rong.com (118.123.10.181), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets<br\/>&nbsp;1&nbsp; 192.168.109.2 (192.168.109.2)&nbsp; 0.186 ms&nbsp; 0.106 ms&nbsp; 0.106 ms<br\/>&nbsp;2&nbsp; * * *<br\/>&nbsp;3&nbsp; * * *<br\/><\/p><p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684*\u53f7\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff08\u4e2a\u4eba\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u539f\u56e0\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u770b\u4e0d\u5230ip\u5427\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2aip\u4e0a\u505c\u6b62\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8def\u7531\u5668\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p><br\/><\/p><p><strong>traceroute&nbsp; <\/strong><br\/><\/p><p>\u529f\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u4e3b\u673a\u95f4\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<br\/><br\/>\u8bed\u3000\u3000\u6cd5\uff1atraceroute&nbsp;[-dFlnrvx][-f&lt;\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503c&gt;][-g&lt;\u7f51\u5173&gt;...][-i&lt;\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u9762&gt;][-m&lt;\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503c&gt;][-p&lt;\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3&gt;][-s&lt;\u6765\u6e90\u5730\u5740&gt;][-t&lt;\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b&gt;][-w&lt;\u8d85\u65f6\u79d2\u6570&gt;][\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u6216IP\u5730\u5740][\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5927\u5c0f]<br\/><br\/>\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\uff1atraceroute\u6307\u4ee4\u8ba9\u4f60\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8def\u7531\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u9884\u8bbe\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5927\u5c0f\u662f40Bytes\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u53e6\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<br\/><br\/>\u53c2\u3000\u3000\u6570\uff1a<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-d&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4f7f\u7528Socket\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6392\u9519\u529f\u80fd\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-f&lt;\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503c&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503cTTL\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-F&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u52ff\u79bb\u65ad\u4f4d\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-g&lt;\u7f51\u5173&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6765\u6e90\u8def\u7531\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e8\u4e2a\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-i&lt;\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u9762&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u9762\u9001\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-I&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4f7f\u7528ICMP\u56de\u5e94\u53d6\u4ee3UDP\u8d44\u6599\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&lt;\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503c&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503cTTL\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u800c\u975e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-p&lt;\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6eUDP\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-r&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5ffd\u7565\u666e\u901a\u7684Routing&nbsp;Table\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u9001\u5230\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-s&lt;\u6765\u6e90\u5730\u5740&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u9001\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-t&lt;\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684TOS\u6570\u503c\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-v&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-w&lt;\u8d85\u65f6\u79d2\u6570&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u5f85\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u56de\u62a5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<br\/>&nbsp;&nbsp;-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5f00\u542f\u6216\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002 &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p><p><strong>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528route\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff1a<\/strong><\/p><p>[root@localhost hurong]# route<br\/>Kernel IP routing table<br\/>Destination&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Gateway&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Genmask&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Flags Metric Ref&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Use Iface<br\/>192.168.109.0&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 255.255.255.0&nbsp;&nbsp; U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 eth0<br\/>default&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 192.168.109.2&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; UG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 eth0<br\/>[root@localhost hurong]# <br\/><\/p>"}